Functional and Spatial Structure of a Modern Museum: Principles of Construction

Abstract

The article analyzes the characteristic features of the design of “iconic” museums of the 19th-20th century, identifies the main ways of organizing the museum space with the identification of the relationship between the functional and spatial structure of museum buildings and, based on the analysis, establishes a number of basic principles for the construction of the functional and spatial structure of a modern museum. The functional and spatial structure of the museums under consideration is determined by the author's approach to design. The author's approach to the design of museums reveals the need for analysis and systematization of the design experience gained and determines the relevance of the work. The purpose of the study is to identify the basic principles of constructing the functional and spatial structure of a modern museum. Based on the analysis carried out, a number of basic principles of constructing the functional and spatial structure of a modern museum are established: 1) introduction of new functional solutions; 2) design of functional zoning; 3) building the spatial organization of the museum space; 4) building the relationship between the museum and the environment; 5) building a specific route of movement. The resulting system of principles demonstrates a variety of solutions in the design of a modern museum, forms the basis for the creation of new and reconstruction of existing museum buildings, contributes to a more structured organization of the external and internal museum space.